Sram based fpga architecture pdf

Chapter 2 fpga architectures in an instant more on programming technologies sram based devices antifuse based. Jul 30, 2019 with advancement, the basic fpga architecture has developed through the addition of more specialized programmable function blocks. Srambased fpgas require an external nonvolatile memory to hold their configuration pattern, which upon powerup is transferred via serial link into. An sram static random access memory based reprogrammable fpga field programmable gate array is investigated for space applications. Lut, thereby reducing overall configuration bitstream size. Fpga architecture, technologies, and tools neeraj goel. Sangiovannivincetelli, architecture of fieldprogrammable gate arrays, ieee proceedings.

As a result, rasp can produce highly optimized designs for various sram based fpga architectures, and can be quickly adapted for new sram based fpga architectures. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique. Fpgas can be considered as a technology crossing between hardware and software. Seu fault evaluation and characteristics for srambased.

Srambased fpga stores logic cells configuration data in the static memory. Index termsfpga, fpga architecture, fpga circuit design, field programmable gate arrays, sram programmable. In order to configure the data, external eeprom is attached to fpga. The design of an srambased fieldprogrammable gate arraypart i. Introduction to emerging srambased fpga architectures in. An sram static random access memorybased reprogrammable fpga field programmable gate array is investigated for space applications. Triple modular redundancy tmr has been successfully applied in fpgas to mitigate transient faults, which are likely to occur in space applications. Inspired by the work of perito and tsudik, this paper proposes a partially recon. A new commercial prototype, named the rs family, was used as an example for the investigation. The first classification stage divides the tcam table into several subtables of balanced size. Srambased fpgas implement logic in static gates, so sram programmable.

Usually, the board will have an eeprom to hold the program bitstream and the fpga will load the bitstream automatically at reset. The data programmed inside the memory of an fpga erase once the board powered off. Through the use of our solution, the fpga can be used as a trusted hardware module to. To assure the reliability of the auxiliary fpga, we use non sram based fpgas such as actel antifuse fpgas since they provide much lower susceptibility to soft errors compared to sram based fpgas. Inputoutput logic based faulttolerant design technique for sram based fpgas aditya srinivas timmaraju, deshmukh aniket anand, mohammed amir khan, zafar ali khan abstracteffects of radiation on electronic circuits used in extraterrestrial applications and radiation prone environments need to be corrected. Srambasedfpgasystemsfor safetycriticalapplications. Through the use of our solution, the fpga can be used as a trusted hardware module to perform hardwarebased attestation of a processor. Configuration bitstream reduction for sram based fpgas. A srambased architecture for triebased ip lookup using fpga. This paper discusses high level techniques for designing fault tolerant systems in sram based fpgas, without modification in the fpga architecture. Fpga based synchronous multiport sram architecture for. Pdf fpga based architecture for high performance sram. The first static memory based fpga called sram is used for configuring both logic and interconnection using a stream of configuration bits. Particularly for srams based fpgas, because they are more sensitive to radiations and more prone to soft errors.

Lattices are really sram based using a mixed sram flash process with backup storage in the onchip flash. This paper presents a novel fpga architecture with memristor based recon. In the proposed architecture, we design a power ef. A novel srambased fpga architecture for efficient tmr fault. Plan fpga architecture basics of fpga fpga technologies architectures of different commercial fpgas fpga tools fpga implementation flow and software involved hdl coding for fpga. A test framework using an exchangeable payload is developed for this purpose and run on a xilinx virtex5 fpga. Sram based e2rom or flash based tradeoffs antifuse is less area, less power consuming. A highperformance fpga architecture using onelevel. As the asic design cost becomes affordable only for very largescale productions, the fpga technology is currently becoming the leading technology for those applications that require a smallscale production. Fault tolerant design implementation on radiation hardened by. Srambased fpga systems for safetycritical applications. Mar, 2015 sram based fpga systems for safetycritical applications. The special functional blocks like alus, block ram, multiplexers, dsp48, and microprocessors have been added to the fpga, due to the frequency of the need for such resources for applications. As stated in 1, the logic may be grouped into four different structure types.

A survey on design standards and proposed methodologies. The higher power consumption of srambased tcam designs becomes more severe for larger capacities. Nevertheless, srambased fpga devices are still seldom used in those parts of systems related with the safety of the system itself, due to the vulnerability to faults of the srambased con. Regarding this matter, many approaches were developed and adopted in literature. Introduction fpga field programmable gate array is an integrated circuit containing gate matrix which can be programmed by the user in the field without using expensive equipment. A sram based architecture for trie based ip lookup using fpga. In this paper, we present a power gating switch box architecture pesa for routing network of sram based fpgas to overcome the obstacle for further device integration. Index terms fpga, fpga architecture, fpga circuit design. Ultrascale architecturebased fpgas memory interface. Since the fpga architecture presents a fixed island style geometric structure of the clock trees, the idea is to incorporate, at the design level, the gating capabilities by inserting a feedback multiplexer in front of the input of the. Nevertheless, sram based fpga devices are still seldom used in those parts of systems related with the safety of the system itself, due to the vulnerability to faults of the sram based con. Sram based fpga 2a 4 young won lim 2619 sram based connection any horizontal line and any vertical line can be connected at some cross points by controlling a flipflop a flipflop has one. A srambased architecture for triebased ip lookup using.

Most sram based fpga designs enhance their reliability. Traditional architecture of a cluster sram based fpga. Alternatively, the identified redundancy may be used to hide. Configuration bitstream reduction for srambased fpgas by. In this paper, we evaluate and compare scrubbing techniques for xilinx sram based fpgas with respect to radiationinduced single event upsets. A resistive rambased fpga architecture equipped with. This is the most commonly used architecture among academic and commercial fpgas. Seu fault evaluation and characteristics for srambased fpga. The design of an srambased field programmable gate array part i. Srambased fpgas with an internal flash memory this type of fpga is generally like the previous, except that these chips contain internal flash memory blocks, thus eliminating the need to have an external nonvolatile memory.

A power gating switch box architecture in routing network. Architecture paul chow, member, ieee, soon ong seo, jonathan rose, member, ieee, kevin chung, gerard p. Field programmable gate array fpga market share, 20192026. A performancedriven general logic synthesis system for. This paper presents a novel fpga architecture with memristorbased recon. You will learn what an fpga is and how this technology was developed, how to select the best fpga architecture for a given application, how to use state of the art software tools for fpga development, and solve critical digital design problems using fpgas. The flexibility of implementing versatile applications is facilitated by simply loading the target bitstream and reconfiguring the fpga sram configuration bits, divided into logic and routing fabrics. Static memory cells are the basic cells used for srambased fpgas. This thesis examines and quanti es the additional considerations and techniques designers should employ with a rhbd sram based fpga in a space based processing system to achieve high operational. To program the routing interconnect of fpgas which are generally steered by small multiplexors. The throughput logic is a logic module of any size or functionality, synchronous.

This paper provides a tutorial survey of architectures of commercially available high. This technique has been recently applied to sram based fpgas 17. Becker, amir moradi, christof paar, fellow, ieee abstractthis contribution is concerned with the question whether an adversary can automatically manipulate an unknown fpga bitstream realizing a cryptographic primitive such that the underlying secret key is. Static ram cells control passtransistor, transmission gates, or multiplexers. Lemieux department of electrical and computer engineering university of british columbia vancouver, b. Srambased programming technology has become the dominant approach for. It typically has a latency of only one clock cycle.

Because of its modular and scalable system architecture, the user has maximum flexibility, reusability, high. Pdf fpga based architecture for high performance sram based. Pdf introduction to emerging srambased fpga architectures in. Renovated fpga basic structures with pcm mlc cells. Automated fault attacks against srambased fpgas pawel swierczynski, georg t. This paper proposes a novel sram based fpga architecture that is suitable for mapping designs when fault tolerance is desirable. The altera stratix v has reprogrammable sram configuration and routing, so it needs the external nonvolatile configuration memory. Sram based fpga depends on the type of data structure to be protected. Us20060193181a1 sram bus architecture and interconnect. Any type of digital hardware circuit can be implemented in fpga architecture. Introduction to emerging srambased fpga architectures in dark silicon era chapter pdf available in advances in computers january 2018 with 1,2 reads how we measure reads. Designing fault tolerant systems into srambased fpgas. Todays modern epga contains approximately 3,30,000 logic blocks and around 1,100 inputs and outputs. Xilinxs 3an series are multidie solutions with a standard sram based part and a spi flash packaged together.

Modern sram based fpga architecture modern sram based fpgas typically employ a tile based architecture, where an array of logic tiles are interconnected by highdensity routing tracks, as shown in figure 1 14. To further reliability assurance of the crc checker circuit, it is implemented in the auxiliary fpga. An sram bus architecture includes passthrough interconnect conductors. Throughput logic, statemachine logic, io logic, and special features select block ram, dlls, etc. The design of an srambased fieldprogrammable gate array. This paper presents a preclassifierbased architecture for an energyefficient srambased tcam. In module 3 you will learn the pros and cons of flash based, sram based, and antifuse based fpgas. Jun 25, 2009 the point i was trying to make is that all flash based fpga s are not the same. Fpgas, current commercial fpga products are based either on sram or. Jan 10, 2009 neeraj goeliit delhi plan fpga architecture. Fpga architecture has a dramatic effect on the quality of the final devices speed. Once the fpga designer develops a logic cell architecture they like, they tend to repeat it. In an srambased fpga, sram cells are mainly used for following purposes. The design of a sram based fieldprogrammable gate array part ii.

Fault tolerant design implementation on radiation hardened. Comparing flash and srambased fpgas electronic products. We show that recent sram based fpgas can constitute a. The profpga product family is a complete, scalable, and modular multi fpga high performance computing solution, which fulfills highest needs in the area of fpga based hpc. Tmr has been successfully applied in fpgas to mitigate transient. Field programmable gate array fpga market share, 2019. For datapath and multilevel circuits, the area costs of twolevel implementation quickly become prohibitive. With the novel use of memristors in mrfpga interconnects rather than memory cells, the proposed architecture reduces the gap between fpgas and asics in area, delay and power. Our objective is to optimize the reliability of the adcs system, by improving the reliability of its sram based fpga. It is called islandstyle architecture because in this architecture con. In srambased fpgas, transient faults originating in the fpgas configuration memory have dramatic effects since the circuits the fpgas implement are totally controlled by the content of the configuration memory, which is composed of static ram cells 3, 4. As a result, srambased fpgas can use the latest cmos technology. Sram means the chip programming is held in ram or flops or similar. Sram based reprogrammable fpga tbr space applications.

To this end, the rest of this chapter is organized as follows. First, an overview of sram based fpga architecture including logic and routing resources is presented in section 2. Field programmable gate array fpga market exceeded usd 5 billion in 2018 and is anticipated to register gains at around 12% between 2019 and 2026 owing to increasing demand for fpga devices in applications including infotainment systems, speech recognition systems, and machine vision. Architecture of srambased fpgas fpgas are prefabricated reconfigurable devices that can be programed to implement various digital systems. Fpga architectures overview in this short article we discuss modern fpga architectures srambased, flashbased, antifusebased and their applications. A novel fpga architecture and protocol for the self. The design of a srambased fieldprogrammable gate array. While many aspects of fpga architecture have changed throughout this. Pdf on jan 1, 2018, zeinab seifoori and others published introduction to emerging srambased fpga architectures in dark silicon era.

Pdf introduction to emerging srambased fpga architectures. Fpga architecture, technologies, and tools neeraj goel iit delhi. On the other hand, in the last years a number of dedicated conferences and. The pass transistors and tristate buffers are controlled by configuration sram bits. Designing fault tolerant systems into sram based fpgas. On power up, the device transfers the configuration information to the internal sram. Each of the passthrough interconnect conductors is connected to routing channels of the general interconnect architecture of the fpga through an element which includes a pass transistor connected in parallel with a tristate buffer. Field programmable gate array fpga market size exceeded usd 5 billion in 2018 and is anticipated to register gains at around 12% from 2019 to 2026 get more details on this report request free sample pdf fpga is a semiconductor device that can be electrically programmed to perform as a digital circuit or system. A survey of modern fpga architectures will give you the tools to determine which type of fpga is the best fit for a design. The point i was trying to make is that all flash based fpga s are not the same. Design of srambased fieldprogrammable gate array part ii 323 fig.

Pdf a srambased architecture for triebased ip lookup. Index termsfpga, fpga architecture, fpga circuit design, fieldprogrammable gate arrays, sram programmable. Fpga based reprogrammable systems are revolutionizing some forms of. Jan 10, 2018 fpga architecture are based on static randomaccess memory sram volatile memory. Evaluating the effects of seus affecting the configuration memory of an sram based fpga, ieee design automation and test in europe, 2004. The xilinx virtex5qv is the rst commercially available radiation hardened by design rhbd srambased fpga. Assessing scrubbing techniques for xilinx srambased. How does srambased fpga differ from antifusebased fpga. Xilinxs 3an series are multidie solutions with a standard sram based. Sram based fpga reconfiguration, the main objective of the proposed.

Srambased fpgas are highly attractive for space applications due to their inight recon gurability, decreased development time and cost, and increased design and testing exibility. On the optimal design of triple modular redundancy logic for. The fpga architecture is then conceptually divided into different architectural elements such as the logic cells, the interconnect cells and the ram cells. First, an overview of sram based fpga architecture. A new reconfigurable clockgating technique for low power.